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Flowering plants are commonly divided into two groups: monocots and dicots. They are distinguished by the number of cotyledons their seeds have—a cotyledon is an undeveloped leaf inside the seed. Monocot seeds have one cotyledon while dicot seeds have two. You can also tell mature monocots and dicots apart based on their leaves and flowers. Monocots’ petals occur in multiples of three (e.g. three or six), and their leaves have parallel veins; dicots’ petals occur in multiples of four or five, and their leaves have branched veins.