Identify gerunds and their functions

Key Notes:

Key Points on Gerunds

1. Definition:
   • A gerund is a verb form that ends in -ing and functions as a noun.
2. Identification:
   • Look for words that are derived from verbs and end in -ing (e.g., running, swimming, reading).
   • Check if the word is used in a sentence as a subject, object, or complement.
3. Functions of Gerunds:
   • Subject:
     • Example: “Swimming is fun.”
   • Direct Object:
     • Example: “She enjoys reading.”
   • Object of a Preposition:
     • Example: “He is interested in learning.”
   • Subject Complement:
     • Example: “Her favorite hobby is painting.”
4. Distinguishing Gerunds from Present Participles:
   • Gerunds act as nouns, while present participles act as adjectives or form continuous verb tenses.
   • Example:
     • Gerund: “Jogging is my daily exercise.”
     • Present Participle: “The jogging man is fast.”
5. Common Mistakes:
   • Misidentifying gerunds as verbs when they function as nouns.
   • Confusing gerunds with infinitives (to + verb).
6. Practice Activities:
   • Provide sentences for students to identify gerunds and their functions.
   • Create sentences that require the use of gerunds in different functions.